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TURKMEN FOLK ART
Turkmen people are hardworking. Their
poetic spirit reflects to their behaviors. They prove their ability to
jevelry art, carpet weaving art, silvery art, wood art, leather embroidery,
ceramic industry and silk industry.
The gold embroidery of Turkmen artist is
known in all over the world. Goldsmitlis create marvellous designed
particle and ornaments. The technical quality of gold ornaments are staved
beyond centuries without changing.
Turkmen ornaments reminds Amazon's
armours. Historians who had lived ancient times, have written Amazons were
living insides of the frontiers of Turkmenistan. These legendary warriors had lived in modern Turkmenistan land. The head-dresses of girls (gupbo) remind
war helmets. Silvery plates which are worn on gown describe war scenes.
They are called «chaprazchanna» and «bilezik».
It would not be a lie if we say that
Turkmen carpets are known
as the best carpets in the world. In ancient times, Parthian carpets were
very valuable. By the silk road, they were sending to far countries. In
arheological works, some carpets were found in pieces in old city Merv.
They were worn two tousands years ago. Marco Polo had written about these
carpets that he admired them. These admirable features of Turkmen carpets
go on up to now.
Saying they are using by fifty countries
will be enough to explain the quality of Turkmen carpets. One of them is
193 metersquare. Its name is «Turkmen Heart» and worn by Turkmen women.
DRESS AND ORNAMENTS
Their national dress and
ornaments are among the most apparent features of the Turkmens. A Turkmen
is recognised first from his/her dress. These garments have reached our day
without any change from centuries ago.
Men usually wear as national
dress the black telpek sewn from sheepskin, a turban, a long shirt with a
decorated collar, baggy trousers and a caftan. Girls’ long dresses
with decorated sleeves and collars run in a single piece to their wrists
and heels. Braiding their hair and putting various ornaments on their
hair-ends, girls wear a head scarf. The garments are sewn using fabrics
with bright colours such as red, green, violet and blue. In the months of
winter and spring, girls also wear caftans with various motifs.
The ornaments and decorations
of Turkmen brides, which are made of metals like gold, silver, copper and
iron, are known for their originality and variety. Of these ornaments and
decorations which travellers visiting Turkmenistan speak of praisingly, the
most important ones are the following: the quppa with a shelpe which is
placed on the headwear; shelpes, tenges, chenysks and buttons worn on the
hair; pearls, and beads worn on the neck; "rose-collars" and
tumars of various sizes which are worn on the chest; shelpes and
sound-making buttons also worn on the chest; bracelets and rings worn on
the arm and fingers; chap razes put on the caftan; hairpins-and other
ornaments. In addition, amulets wrapped in a triangular piece of cloth or leather
which contain verses or a prayer are used as protection against the evil
eye. Furthermore, young girls and brides wear wool and silk belts, red
threads, hand-woven socks and knee-guards.
Text by: SIBNET
Socks:
Handicrafts:
Embroidery and knitted
articles (Old dresses):
To see more;
Visit Dr. Farzad Marjani's Private
Collection.
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Dr. Farzad MARJANI, Civil Engineer, Ph.D.
Ankara - TURKEY
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